The Importance Of Exercise - 778 Words

At the beginning of the semester, when we did the â€Å"tech-free 15 minutes†, I learned that I was very dependent on my phone. I was forced to be a day without it and I felt anxiety. When I tried this again, I made sure that nothing would distract me. I deleted all the social media apps on my phone to assure that I would not feel the need to check up on them. Furthermore, I also put my phone on silent in order to make sure that I would not get distracted by text messages. In order to further have a distraction free â€Å"30 minutes† I locked myself in my room and just laid in my bed. I did nothing, except stare at the ceiling and contemplate life. During one of my weekly staff meetings, I learned that the best way to free your mind from†¦show more content†¦As a Hispanic woman, this day drastically impacted me. I have always liked politics and have kept up with many of the decisions that have the ability to impact us as a population. However, ever since electi on day politics have changed a lot of aspects in life that I did not expect them too. One of the biggest shift that I have notice occur is the fact that Twitter has become a widely known, and controversial, platform. Twitter has been around for a long time now, but in the past 6 years that I have had one, I do not think I have ever heard as much talk of it as I do now. It has also not been very common for a president to speak to the public via twitter. Now, however, it seems very normal for the president of the United States to address the people through 180 characters. A year ago I would never have predicted that our internet usage could possibly be limited through policies. I never would have predicted that some of my loved ones would be losing their DACA. I would not have considered it normal for a president to publicly side with white supremacists. Most importantly, I did not expect a feeling of nervousness and anger to captivate the people of America. I think that as people pro cess everything that occurs in society, these feelings become more and more normal. I think many things are taken for granted, but I think that right now many things are being taken for granted mainly at the national level. I think that the people ofShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Regular Exercise With Exercise Essay1344 Words   |  6 Pagesimproved vigour, and it may offer long-term benefits as well. # Gain More Energy. As you exercise regularly, your entire body becomes more efficient. Your heart begins to pump more blood with each beat and to beat fewer times each minute. Your body develops the ability to make more oxygen available to your cells. That means more energy - greater productivity, more stamina, and less fatigue. # Feel Good. Exercise makes you feel good, both physically and mentally. It gives you a psychological lift andRead MoreThe Importance Of Exercise During Pregnancy Exercise913 Words   |  4 Pagesof primary importance to allow expectant mothers to understand that movements of the body are not a danger to an unborn child; many women continue pre-pregnancy exercise such as jogging, dance, and similar actions previously thought to be dangerous to continued gestation. In addition, a supportive family and social environment allows the mother-to-be to take the time away from family activities to devote to personal exercise without feelings of guilt. The population of pregnant women is not theRead MoreEssay On Importance Of Exercise1263 Words   |  6 PagesThose who think they have no time for bodily exercise will sooner or later have to find time for illness. ~Edward Stanley You can change your life for the better and propel it to achieve a much higher goal and position by sincerely following one simple activity and that is: Exercise. Top executives, world leaders and other peak performers all have one thing in common; they have thoroughly understood the tremendous power of vigorous exercise on a daily basis as a tool for excellence. Many studentsRead More The Importance of Physical Exercise Essay593 Words   |  3 PagesThe Importance of Physical Exercise What is exercise? The actual definition of exercise is; to use repeatedly in order to strengthen or develop, but to make it simpler, exercise is doing programs and workouts to keep fit, for example, running, hiking, bicycling, and any active sport. Most Americans do little or no exercise during work or rest hours. Today there arent many jobs requiring intense physical activity. Instead of walking, people use automobiles or public transportation. InsteadRead MoreThe Importance Of Physical And Physical Exercise777 Words   |  4 Pagesdisregard and underestimate the importance of being physically active. While exercise can certainly improve weight and overall physique, hitting the gym isnt exclusively done so in order to get the envied summer body. When one talks about exercise, one nearly always refer to physical exercise. While the term of exercise is the physical exertion of the body - making the body do a physical activity which results in a healthy or healthier level of physical fitness – exercise doesnt always come with theRead More The Importance of Sleep, Nutrition, and Exercise Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance of Sleep, Nutrition, and Exercise Many students today ask why they are so tired all the time. It also seems that people in college become more stressed out either because of grades or because of work. All people need to do is get the right amount of sleep, eating well, and exercise in order to feel better about themselves and feel good in general. This is not a short process. Most experts say that it takes about twelve weeks in order to see results. But, it is guaranteed thatRead MoreThe Importance of Sport and Exercise Psychology Essay1050 Words   |  5 PagesSport and exercise psychology is a mandatory aspect of the sport science discipline. This discipline contributes to the various professional practices associated with physical activities such as - teaching of physical education, recreation and health promotion, and kinesiology related professions - because it plays a mental role for the participants. Sport and exercise psychologists view physical activity in several different ways: physical activity as a tool for health, physical activity as a toolRead MoreThe Importance of Exercise and Lululemon Athletica Company858 Words   |  3 Pages Exercise is not referred to as work for nothing. In fact, people generally associate exercise with sticky clothes and sweaty bodies. Their focus is usually on what type of workout they will be doing that day, who will be their workout partner, or how much time they are going to spend in the gym. An important company has changed the mindset of many athletic-orientated people from a focus on the type of workout to the health benefits and life-style changes of working out and the apparel one shouldRead MoreThe Importance of Exercise for Cancer Prevention and Recurrence600 Words   |  3 PagesThe Importance of Exercise for Cancer Prevention and Recurrence Cancer is known as one the prevalent diseases in the world today. Every year millions of people are afflicted by this disease. Cancer is a class of diseases wherein cells grow out of control. There may have been no proven way to completely prevent cancer but there are steps that can lower your risk or keep it from recurring. Eating a healthy diet is always on the top of the list when it comes to cancer prevention. Certain componentsRead MoreThe Importance of Exercise and Eating Healthy Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesExercise and eating healthy are two of the most important things you need to do to take care of your body properly. Both exercise, and eating healthy, have many advantages and benefits. They help with multiple things needed throughout your life. These things include growing physically, mentally, and if you are religious, spiritually as well. All of this adds up to your body functioning in the highest and best way possible. Exercise, or physical activity helps your body in many ways. For example

The Emergence Of Market Society - 1573 Words

The whole society has become a market. Societies used to consist of people that were governed by certain ideologies, laws, and practices. Being driven by capitalism, society has developed everything into a commodity, in which we now call a market society. Other socio-economic communities historically had concepts that were different from what is predominated in our present society. The emergence of market society establishes the great transformation from a traditional society to a market economy that has greatly impacted societal workplaces, and beliefs around ideological conditions. The emergence of market society starts with the self-regulating system called the market economy (Polanyi, 1957, P. 68). Self-regulation indicates that the†¦show more content†¦As a result, the Industrial Revolution lead to the great transformation of the market society. The economy grew and people used labour as commodity that endures the greatest societal consequence. Since the market relied on this commodity, human rights were at a disadvantage to the economy. There is no such thing as a self-regulating market because people believe that the economy can build a system based on false commodities (Polanyi, 1957, P. 75). Society faces an economic problem that provides for the material well-being of the society, meaning we produce and exchange the basic necessities in order to survive.â€Å"If mankind does not live by bread alone, it is obvious that it cannot live without bread† (Heilbroner, P. 1). The economic problem arises because human nature struggles for existence which is derived from scarcity (Heilbroner, 1993, P. 4). This problem presents itself critically and uniquely as it is shown through economic history that people struggle for survival. Society has to organize a system of providing enough production for everyone and being able to distribute them properly. Other than market society, there are two other overarching systems found in other societies, tradition and command. For a traditional economy, production and distribution are constructed by procedures designedShow MoreRelatedEmergence of Market Society1713 Words   |  7 PagesThe market today has become so important that socie ty takes it as completely natural. From â€Å"The Economic Problem† Heilbroner describes three main solutions, with the market being one. Furthermore into the market, Polanyis book â€Å"The great Transformation† gives insight on how much society actually allows the market to dominate. To Polanyi a market society is seen as social relations embedded in the economy instead of the economy being embedded in social relations. 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Polanyi calls the emergence of market society â€Å"the great transformation†Read MoreEssay on Market Society1680 Words   |  7 Pagesabout the important shift to market society by explaining the material and ideological conditions that help integrate the society to transform into the market society. Firstly, this paper is going to explain the material conditions by showing what characterizes a market society and this also show how the market society differs from the structures of the previous social organization, and also the changes that take place in the workplace due to the shift to market society. Secondly, this paper will alsoRead MoreThe Emergence Of The West1244 Words   |  5 Pagespremodern events supported their emergence. From their plaques in late 14th century to their dominance in by the 19th century, this chronological approach tracked the economic, military and geopolitical changes of the West compared to their Asian counterparts. The chronological approach included the Renaissance, the West’s integration of gunpowder and print products, investments in the British and Dutch East India companies, and their exploration for new land. The emergence of the West began with theRead MoreTransforming Of The Market Society1573 Words   |  7 PagesTransforming to the Market Society We currently live in a market society that is completely different from past societies. In market society, the society is a system of self-regulating market as a whole (Polanyi 43). People are needed to act and think in particular ways for the market society to function (Polanyi 68). For instance, people in market society believe that economic relations are more needed than interpersonal relations (Polanyi 44). Polanyi calls the emergence of market society â€Å"the great transformation†Read MoreThe Populist Movement Essay715 Words   |  3 PagesThe Populist Movement The small farmers of America struggled through many agricultural problems during the late19th century. Their exclusion from the industrializing society, and their lagging in developments set them back from the rest of the country. Through their hardships they found a way to come together and form a political movement that would represent their rights and needs and give them a voice in the political decision making; it was called the Populist movement. However, theRead MoreKarl Marx And Max Weber1324 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluenced many sociologists. Predominantly, both of these theorists’ discussed the effects of capitalism, how it has developed, shaped and changed society into what it is today. Specifically, Karl Marx’s contribution of the bourgeoisie vs. the proletariat class and Max Weber’s social stratification has helped individuals to understand how modern day society has transformed into what it is today. Particularly, this paper will lie out Weber’s theory of social stratification and Marx’s theory of the bourgeoisieRead MoreThe World Organizational And Industrial System Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pageson the efficient and goal attainment of the organization. This led to emergence of neoliberals in the sphere of industrialization which is capital centre policy that enrich the bourgeoisies- the company and industries owners; and make the poor to grow poorer-mostly the w orkers and personnel in the industries. Thus, the organizational structure and system became non-cognizance of workers’ value and welfares. This led to emergence of workers’ associations which transformed in Labour Unions today with

Nursing for Journal of Clinical Leadership- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theNursing for Journal of Clinical Leadership. Answer: In any organisation the leadership and management are important concepts that play a vital role in accomplishment of the set targets and goals. It is necessary to fulfil the organisations mission and vision. Similar, health care industry may not work without leadership and management owing to the complexity of the sector. The essay explores and discusses the ideas and theories of the leadership and management in the health care. The evolution of the various leadership and management theories are the complexities of the modern organisations. According to Mannix et al. (2015) one leadership style cannot be used within the complexities of the modern organisations, regardless of the situation. It will be critically examined to relate with the debate about the leadership and management and in reference to clinical situation. The arguments and the debate are supported with the examples from the clinical practice. To start with the basics of management, it encompasses the planning, directing, controlling, staffing, and organising in health care setting (Marquis Huston, 2015). Clinical Leadership on the other hand is being visionary while leading a group of people, motivating them, implementing plans, and direction. It means the leadership role is associated with the coaches, role models, mentors, and advocates for high quality patient care (Howieson Thiagarajah, 2011).). Unlike the manager the leader always focus on development of the interpersonal communication for result oriented workplace. According to Kieser, Nicolai Seidl (2015) leadership is one of the several functions performed by manager. On the other hand it is also argued that leadership requires strong managerial skills. The role of leadership and the management both goes hand in hand as per the literature review. It makes it difficult to analyse the concepts in isolation. For instance, nurses need leadership to manage the effec tive nurse is to patient ratio. On the other hand the nurses may lack direction and focus without effective management. Consequently it leads to the leadership vacuum. In this regards the decisions to be made in a manner that it promotes optimal care to the patients. It means there is the need of amalgam of the leadership and management in clinical practice for growth and development of the health care sector. There are several management theories but all are focused on supervising, group performance and organising. To start with the scientific management theory, it focuses on increased productivity by working through agreed standards with group members. Therefore, it may be called ahumanistic approach from the perspective of the closed system (Marquis Huston, 2015). For instance, the nurses could be taught to accomplish the risk management in one best way. The theory X and theory Y are contradictory management theories. The former focuses on supervision and direction without considering the organizational needs. On the other hand the Theory Y believes that people are self motivated and should be self-directed. The theory Y can be well used in nursing as they need great amount of self awareness and self motivation to deal with job burnout and stress due to long working hours as well as social and ethical dilemmas (Marquis Huston, 2015). Nurse leaders should be able to use their acumen an d make strong decisions to develop work environment that is dedicated to high quality care to the patients (Mannix, Wilkes Daly, 2013). This may be the underlying principle for nursing leadership and management. Therefore, the debate on leadership and management still continues. On contradictory to the above mentioned management theories that belong to the close system, the strategic management theory are based on open system perspective. It focuses on following the logical process on meeting the organizational goals while adapting to the external and internal environment (Courtney et al., 2015). The nurse manger can apply this theory to address any change required in the organisation. For instance, to address the hospital acquired infections in the hospital, a survey or audit can be conducted to deduce factors causing the problem. Formulation of hand hygiene policy is based on such logical process to address the organizational goal to reducing noscomial infections. Similarly patient assessment for diabetes and schizophrenia may not be same. It needs to follow logical structure for assessment of each illness. This calls for strategic management leadership in nursing (Marquis Huston, 2015). Thus, it again makes it difficult to prioritise the importance of le adership and management. Common nursing leadership styles in nursing in 1951 were authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire (Marquis Huston, 2015). The first one focuses on the strong control, punitive criticism, and does not involve others in decision making. Democratic leaders give constructive criticism, exhibit less control, and involve others in decision. Laissez-faire leader only motivates people without direction and criticism. Interactional leadership is the style for nurses to diagnose a situation such as medication error, increase in noscomial infection or fall rates among elderly. This leadership style calls for effective group interaction. It is determined by the situation and the leaders personality (Marquis Huston, 2015). Nursing leadership is dominated by the transformational leadership style and is considered the popular style for professional growth of the nurses. It is argued by Grossman Valiga (2016) that this leadership style allows the leaders to transform the followers so that can accept change for organisational mission and goals. As this leadership is focused on the individuals and relationships, it is appropriate for nurses who are into the world of the human interactions and experiences. Nurse manage can use this theory to encourage and inspire fellow nurses to share ideas thorough effective communication. They may empower the nurses to meet the patient and the organisational priority. For instance, the implementation of the patient centered care model involves great role by transformational leadership style in mental health setting (Cleary et al., 2011). Transactional leaders are also in alignment with above style of leadership as both focus on morals. Unlike the transformational leadership style, the transactional leaders identifies the common values, acts as a caretaker, has long term vision, look at affects and empower others (Grossman Valiga, 2016). Other leadership theory that is congruent with the transformational theory is the compatibility of this style with the nurses day to day function in their clinical setting. It is in alignment with the situational leadership model and congruent leadership style. However, it is argued that that the later is adapted from the former (Courtney et al., 2015). Congruent leadership style is the reflection of the leaders values and beliefs in the actions and demonstrates the interpersonal and communication skills well enacted with integrity (Scully, 2015). Like transformational leadership it considers the patient-focussed care as first priority (Courtney et al., 2015). Based on this literature, it can be interpreted that the congruent leadership is more appropriate than transformational leadership for development of nurse leaders. However, it is questionable due to lack of sufficient evidence for efficacy of congruent leadership for its newness and bulk of literature favouring transformationa l leadership. Both can be well applied for mental health and geriatric setting that requires patient focused care (Sayers et al. 2015). Health care sector is the complex sector and dynamic in nature. The nurses in clinical setting face varied challenges related to medication error, risk of fall among elderly, falls prevention, interpersonal conflict with fellow nurses. Each of the problems may demand different leadership style. Medication safety can be taught through transformational leadership style (Mannix, Wilkes Daly, 2013). However, fall prevention is multifaceted problem. Innovative fall prevention problem requires evidence based practice. Fall can be prevented through need assessment, support from stakeholders, and implementation of strategy, project outcomes and evaluation (Breimaier et al., 2015). These processes promote the complexity of the workplace, and impact the leaders relationship with the followers. It calls for implementation of different leadership theories. To establish any kind of change such as patient centered care model, hand hygiene policy or a new fall risk prevention policy, it is necessary to consider the views of the followers. Aesthethetic leadership is one such philosophy that is base on knowledge of felt meaning of leadership phenomena as well as sensory knowledge. It gives the leader a variety of emotional tools as it is underpinned by moral, sensory, somatic, and emotional awareness. It acts as a buffer between the transformational and congruent models (Mannix et al., 2015). It is best style of complex clinical situations. It overcomes the limitations of all the above mentioned leadership styles. According to Marquis, Huston (2015) contingency and situational theory of leadership, nurse mangers must adapt to the different leadership style depending on task delegated to each nurse, relationship with the nurse team, commitment and skill levels of the followers. For instance, if the nurses are less committed and skilled to prevent fall in geriatric care a strong supervision is needed on the other hand, if registered nurses are present with high commitment, nurse leader may switch to low supervision/control (democratic). Thus, it is the mixture of autocratic, authentic, transformational, transactional leadership style and democratic leadership style. Authoritarian leadership style can be used to reduce nursing frustration due to interpersonal conflicts and give feeling of security. When all the nurses are self motivated in fall prevention, the use of laissez faire leadership can result in much creativity and productivity. If the leader is congruent in beliefs, values and actions in mitigating the fall risk issue, then it is the implementation of congruent leadership (Scully, 2015). Interpersonal conflicts among nurses can also be resolved by keeping values and beliefs central to leadership. Nurses may respect each other values and beliefs and of patients to act as role model in establishing the patient centered care model. It is called as authentic and servant leadership style (Courtney et al., 2015). Health care environment is all about adapting to change contributed by the technical, social, professional, political, economic, environmental factors. Thus, the leadership and management imperatives involve creating and fostering innovation, building shared visions, and creation of positive work environment for nurses and staff. Therefore, it must involve situational leadership model to implement appropriate leadership style discussed as above. Coming back to debate about leadership and management, both are equally necessary in clinical setting. Any management and leadership style chosen by the nurse must be consistent with her ideals. The Y management style and the situational leadership model as per my opinion are more likely to greater benefits. Nurses must cultivate these leadership and management styles to deal with any situation in complex health care setting as the main focus of aesthetic leadership. Dearth of such model may become redundant expression. References Breimaier, H. E., Halfens, R. J., Lohrmann, C. (2015). Effectiveness of multifaceted and tailored strategies to implement a fall-prevention guideline into acute care nursing practice: a before-and-after, mixed-method study using a participatory action research approach.BMC nursing,14(1), 18. Cleary, M., Horsfall, J., Deacon, M., Jackson, D. (2011). Leadership and mental health nursing.Issues in Mental Health Nursing,32(10), 632-639. Courtney, M., Nash, R., Thornton, R., Potgieter, I. (2015). Leading and managing in nursing practice: Concepts, processes and challenges.Leadership Nursing contemporary perspectives. Grossman, S., Valiga, T. M. (2016).The new leadership challenge: Creating the future of nursing. FA Davis. Howieson, B., Thiagarajah, T. (2011). What is clinical leadership? A journal-based meta-review.International Journal of Clinical Leadership,17(1). Kieser, A., Nicolai, A., Seidl, D. (2015). The practical relevance of management research: Turning the debate on relevance into a rigorous scientific research program.The Academy of Management Annals,9(1), 143-233. Mannix, J., Wilkes, L., Daly, J. (2013). Attributes of clinical leadership in contemporary nursing: an integrative review.Contemporary Nurse,45(1), 10-21. Mannix, J., Wilkes, L., Daly, J. (2015). Aesthetic leadership: its place in the clinical nursing world.Issues in mental health nursing,36(5), 357-361. Marquis, B. L., Huston, C. J. (2015).Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. (8th Ed). PILADELPHIA Wolters: Kluwer Health | Lippincott Wiliams Wilkins Sayers, J., Lopez, V., Howard, P. B., Escott, P., Cleary, M. (2015). The leadership role of nurse educators in mental health nursing.Issues in mental health nursing,36(9), 718-724. Scully, N. J. (2015). Leadership in nursing: The importance of recognising inherent values and attributes to secure a positive future for the profession.Collegian,22(4), 439-444.

The Impact of Social Norms on Seat Essay Example

The Impact of Social Norms on Seat Essay Every person entering the theater thereafter is subject not only to their wan theater experience preferences but more importantly by the seating selections of all the people already seated. There are many norms for attending a movie theater. These include explicit norms, norms that have been openly written or spoken (Starker, 1) and implicit norms, norms that are understood but not precisely recorded (Cornball, 59). Explicit or formal norms have clear rules for punishment. Creating a disruption during the movie Is grounds for ejection from the theater. Most theaters openly state during the previews that cell phones need to be turned off and that talking should be kept to a minimum. Implicit or Informal norms regulate seat selection In a theater where at least one person is already present and seated. These informal norms are strengthened by the anticipation of a crowd. The anticipation of a crowd has been shown to encourage more socially isolated seating choices and an increase in the avoidance of contact with others (Greenberg, 672). As additional people enter the theater, their seating choices are no longer based on the anticipation of a crowd but on the reality of the remaining availability of seats. The dwindling number of empty seats forces the choice of seats that are closer to other people. For example, the first persons entering the theater chooses the seat they consider perfect, the center seat In the center row. The second person enters, surveys the locations of any other patrons In the theater and picks a seat using a loosely formed set of Informal norms or rules. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Social Norms on Seat specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Social Norms on Seat specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Social Norms on Seat specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer All subsequent people repeat these steps taking Into account the locations of each of the seats filled. The unstated rules are either more or less strictly interpreted based on the percentage of the theater capacity filled. The second and third people entering the theater are expected to interpret the rules strictly, thus anticipating a crowd in the theater. As the theater fills, the interpretation weakens. Most of the norms are related to the amount of personal space around each person in the theater. In American society intimate space is defined as 0-18 inches, personal space 1. To 4 feet, and social space 4 to 10 feet. (iron) These distances serve as a basis for the social norms used to select seating. In an attempt to explain the decisions related to seat selection in a movie theater, I propose the following as the Implicit norms observed by American movie theater patrons; 1) do not obstruct anyone elses view of the screen, 2) do not it directly In front of another person, 3) do not sit directly behind another person, and 4) do not sit In the seat adjacent to another person.. The second and third people entering strictly interpret the norms by choosing seats in entirely different sections; I. E. Ten TLS person chosen center row, center seat; Ten second person wall choose the right front section, and the third person will chose the left section closer to the rear. These seats were chosen as a way of avoiding contact with those already seated and creating the greatest amount of social isolation possible. As the theater ills, the implicit rules are interpreted less strictly. Eventually the amount of social isolation is decreased to the point where the norms are actually broken. High attendance on opening night at many popular movies will cause all of the implicit norms to be broken. The previously defined social norms must be adjusted slightly when couples or groups are attending a movie together. If the couple is two females or a male and female then the two are likely to sit side-by-side. Two males will often leave an empty seat between them. Groups will usually sit together in a general area sometimes using similarly located seats on multiple rows. Their seats may not be located side-by-side but are considered a single unit. Available seats that comply with the implicit norms are still not directly in-front of or directly behind any person in the couple or group. Also, at least one seat should be vacant to the left and right of the couple or outermost members of the group unless extremely high movie attendance prohibits. What happens when the implicit rules are not properly interpreted while determining seat selection? More specifically, how would a person react if a stranger sat in the adjacent seat in a nearly empty movie theater? As a jugular movie theater patron I evaluated my own reaction were I put in the proposed situation. If a stranger sat beside me in a theater where there were numerous other seats available, I believe I would get up and move too different seat. I posed this question to several other people and each replied they would be uncomfortable and relocate to another seat. I decided to break this informal norm and observe whether the affected person reacted as anticipated. I needed a movie that had a low percentage of the theater seats filled. To predict which movie would have low attendance I took into consideration the number of weeks the movie had been in heaters, the amount of current publicity about the movie and the stereotype of the average person attending the movie. Movies showing at discount cinemas have been in theaters the greatest number of weeks. So I picked the Pollack Tempe Cinema which shows second-run movies for $2. 00. To ensure the smallest number in attendance at the Pollack Tempe Cinema, I also had to pick a night other than Tuesday, when the ticket prices are reduced even further to $1. 5 and attendance soars. Next I deduced that movies having recently won an Oscar would have an increased amount of publicity thus leading to an increase in attendance. Lastly, I decided to eliminate childrens movies from my choices because that implies an audience of parents and children and might discourage single individuals from attending. Ultimately, I chose a 7:pm showing of Oceans 12 on a Thursday night. I entere d the theater at almost exactly 7:pm. The lights were dimming and the previews beginning as I studied the available seating locations throughout the theater. This theater had a seating capacity of 400 and on this particular night was about 25% full. There were numerous seats available that did not violate any of the implicit norms regulating seat selection. My observation partner, Alistair, took a seat in the center of the second row from the rear. The nearest occupied seats were located two rows forward to the left and one row behind in the right section separated Dye Ten ales . Alligators seat console neared to all AT Ten Internal norms. In the fifth row from the rear, three seats to the left of the aisle sat a lone male, Ralph. Since he was alone and in clear view of my observation partner Ralph seemed to be a perfect choice. I walked down the aisle and decided that I would sit in the second seat from the aisle, which was the adjacent seat on Rallys right. This would mean that Ralph would have to cross in front of me to easily relocate to another seat, which was what I expected. When I arrived at the end of Rallys aisle I leaned down, gestured toward the empty seat to his right and asked if the seat was taken. This offered Ralph an opportunity to protect his personal space and create a reason why I should not sit in the available seat. Instead, it seemed as if he stammered for a moment but ultimately replied no. This indicated to me that Ralph was aware that I was taking the seat and he was not stopping me. I sat down in the center of my seat, UT my soda in the cup holder to my right and began eating my popcorn. I sensed unease from Ralph but did not turn to face him or acknowledge him any further than my initial question about the availability of the seat. Since I was already nervous about sitting down next to a stranger in a dark movie theater, I was unsure if the perceived unease was real or imagined. Alistair, later stated that from his rear viewpoint it appeared as if Ralph was extremely uncomfortable but he continued watching the preview on the screen. He did not turn toward me again after I sat down but rather shifted in his seat to the side furthest away. As the first preview ended and the second began, I wondered if Ralph would remain in his seat throughout the entire movie. I speculated that if the roles were reversed I would have probably relocated to a new seat already. As each moment passed I felt my own apprehension dissipating. Then out of my peripheral vision I saw a women walking slowly down the aisle to my right. Silently I begged her to keep walking past me but somehow I already knew where she was going. Fully aware of her presence as she stopped at the end of the row shared only by Ralph and myself, I realized that Ralph was not alone as I had previously deduced. Instead Ralph and Alice were attending the movie as a couple. Not only had I purposely broken the social rules affecting seat selection but I had inadvertently broken a much stronger social norm that extends beyond the movie theater. Do not sit adjacent to the opposite sex member of a couple, when another less invasive seat is available. In response to Lices arrival at her seat, which I was currently occupying, I rose with my popcorn and soda in hand and moved to the aisle. Alistair reported that from his vantage point, it appeared as though I realized I had taken someone elses seat and was moving to another location in the theater. Instead of relocating I decided to sit down in the open seat between Alice and the aisle. I continued eating my popcorn and watching the movie previews as though nothing out of the ordinary had occurred. Alice did not speak to me or look in my direction after she sat down. She began talking to Ralph loudly in Spanish, which I could not understand. She was gesturing emphatically and acting very agitated. Ralph responded in Spanish but his tone was much quieter. Alistair later said that he could hear Alice from three rows back and that she was directing her irritation toward Ralph. Alistair described Ralph as quietly facing the screen while being berated by Alice. After a few minutes of outwardly ignoring the disturbance beside me I decided to take a quick peek at the situation to my let Alice was gesturing toward me Walt near let nana Ana speaking spans quickly with an angry tone. I decided that if I remained in my seat much longer that Alice might decide to direct her anger toward me. I quickly rose and moved to the seat beside my observation partner. Immediately upon my departure Alice became silent. For nearly thirty minutes there was silence between Ralph and Alice. They leaned away from each other in their seats and did not share any physical contact. Then Alice left the theater and returned with popcorn. They quietly shared the popcorn while slowly shifting in their seats. First toward the center of their seats but by approximately 8:20 they were intimately pressed shoulder to shoulder. After the movie ended, I quickly left the theater. I had initially planned to break only one social norm by sitting beside a stranger. In the process, I had actually broken an even stronger norm by taking the seat adjacent to that of someones spouse or significant other. I was concerned that Alice might feel a need to confront me about what she possibly perceived as an attempt to intrude on her relationship with Ralph. This experiment clearly showed how breaking one social norm can easily result in the violation of additional unexpected norms. Movie theaters offer an unusual environment for seating. Movies are shown in the dark which creates an intimate setting. Ata movie theater the price of the ticket is not related to the location of the seat, unlike concerts or live performance theaters. Also, movie theater patrons chose their own seats, unlike restaurants where the establishment often provides a hostess o direct seating locations. American society has developed a set of informal norms to regulate which seats people choose in a theater in the absence of official guidance.